Support to the sidelines
As coaches we are not meant to be sports medicine experts and we shouldn’t overstep our credentials. But, let’s face it; we’re our athletes’ first responders. When they go down on the field, the referee signals for us to come on and check out their condition. This is a unique privilege – just ask any parent who has been prevented from coming on to attend to their injured warrior. As parents, we’re inclined to rescue. As coaches, we have to weigh our options.
As we run onto the field, the play we just saw is running through our minds. What happened? How did they get hurt? Did she get clipped from behind? Did he turn his ankle? Did her knee buckle? Was there a collision of heads? Of course, we are also picturing the particulars about this kid, thumbing through our mental file cabinet sorted by nickname and jersey number. Are they quick to tears? Do they shake stuff off easily? Will they insist on staying in the game no matter what?
When we reach them, we survey the scene. How they are lying, what they are bending or holding onto or rubbing. Or, heaven forbid, if they are not moving. Then we have to decide what to do next. This is my approach to triage.
If they are not moving and/or if you suspect any sort of neck or back injury, call the ambulance. (Call on medical professionals immediately)
If there has been a collision but they can sit up, discontinue their play. If you suspect a concussion assist them to the sidelines and ask questions to gauge their clarity. Ask about the game, the score, the name of their team, their opponent, what they did last night, etc. Pay attention not only to their answers but to the way they respond. (more on concussions in these posts) (see concussion protection training here)
For injuries other than concussion, check for visible signs. Ask: what hurts? Where? If they are vague (ie. “around my knee” or “my ankle”) ask them to point to what hurts if they can. Put their finger on the place or area that hurts. Have them rate the pain on a 1-10 scale. If there is extreme pain (5-10) or swelling or they can’t move at a joint, they are done with play until they have seen a doctor and have clearance to play.
If they rate their pain 1-4, move on with your evaluation. Here comes the “coaching” part. I have them:
Stand. If they are balanced and show no impairment, I have them:
- walk. If they can walk normally without favoring the injured part, I ask them to
- jog. Watch them carefully, especially the ‘tough-it-out’ ones. They may try to soldier through pain to get back on the field. Finally, ask them to
- execute moves they would have to perform on the field. Try to get them to reproduce game pace and intensity as much as possible. Can they
- hop, cut, and jump without breaking form? If they can, they may choose to return to play.
If their movement is compromised, they should be discouraged from play. I would sit them and promote them to assistant coach. Not just keeping stats but analyzing the game, the opponent’s weaknesses, the places for attacking opportunities. They have just come off the field after all. They will offer a viewpoint you can’t possibly have. They may see something you’ve missed. This is how you can take them out and still keep them in the game.
The news is ripe with so-called “heroic” stories of athletes who have played through injury. For instance, Tiger Woods competing with a leg break and a torn ACL and 1996 Olympic gymnast Kerri Strugg landing a vault on a severely sprained ankle. These really should not be our role models and certainly not our standards. For the kids who have been entrusted to our care and tutelage we need to take the long view. Any compromise in movement means weakness and perhaps subconscious “favoring” by the rest of the body. This significantly increases their risk of injury. Young athletes, though they may beg to get back in there, are not able to see things this way. After all, without a mirror they can’t see themselves move. You have to be this mirror for them.
Of course, injuries, while more common during competition, happen during training as well. Early in the season, especially, they take knocks and feel “niggles” (My English friends taught me this word for a localized but relatively minor discomfort). Use the niggle as a way to help your athletes get to know their bodies better. Help them learn to monitor what is something to “shake off” and what needs rest.
Most of your players, unless they are in very good physical shape, will have some initial soreness, especially in the most used muscles. As long as this diminishes with warm up it should generally be safe to play on. Pain that persists or enhances during or after training requires rest. If there is no relief or improvement or the pain returns when they return to training, call on a medical professional for evaluation.
Be sure to encourage open communication with your players about how their bodies feel. Don’t penalize kids for being honest. A minor injury, left untended, can become a major problem and a life-long ailment. I am certain many of you reading this know exactly what this feels like. To protect against this we need to:
- Catch minor injuries early
- Plan rest and recovery into training and competition
- When injury happens, triage it appropriately. Keep the long view.
- Seek medical advice if there is concern
- Have a protocol for safe return to play
- Help them compete to win their spot back on the field
All this starts with a coach who teaches players to pay attention to how their bodies move and feel. Athletes are naturals at this, especially when they learn it young. Kids may think they’re indestructible. We know the truth about the human body: we only get one.
Wendy…Excellent pragmatic advice on how coaches should initially handle injuries in youth sports. I also like your advice on giving an injured player another team role (e.g., assistant coach, helping to analyze game situations, etc.).
In my many years of coaching youth basketball, I’ve seen relatively few injuries (mostly sprained ankles and minor collisions). But it’s helpful for coaches to have an idea upfront of what to do when confronted with these situations.
With younger kids, I’ve found that any crying is more often due to emotional surprise/trauma than a serious injury or pain. In these instances, letting the child sit for a few minutes to regain his or her composure is usually all that’s needed. For older athletes who suffer a minor injury (rolled ankle) or otherwise are not feeling well (upset stomach, light headedness), I’ll let them dictate when they’re ready to return to action. I always lean to the side of caution and ask them more than once whether they’re up to going back in the game. Sometimes it is a balancing act. If I see signs of a more serious injury, of course, I remove the player from the game and take full control of the situation.
Thanks Jeff. Yes, I am much obliged to athletic trainers over the years who have taught me the “steps to assess” return to play. A continuing challenge is to help these kids learn to assess their own bodies – when to stop and when to play on. They (the older ones) carry such heavy expectations on their shoulders (and burden from scholarship hopes, perhaps family, and ‘not letting their teammates down’, etc) that they may want to continue when it’s not wise. I met a girl who said she had 27 (!) surgeries. Soccer player had become an identity for her. Also have heard about badgering players to continue – oh, she’s just lazy, etc.
On the crying, yep, definitely agree it’s a reaction to the situation usually and not a measure of injury. That may be the best reason for coach as first responder rather than parent.
Question is: how do we find that honest ground? Player who will confide in his coach that he hurts without fear of losing his team spot or the respect of his teammates. That coach-player relationship is so key. What a trust we have.